The Star Anise Plant (Illicium verum) brings one of the world’s most recognisable spices into the subtropical garden. Native to southern China and northern Vietnam, this long-lived evergreen tree develops a dense canopy of glossy, deep-green leaves that release a warm, sweet fragrance when crushed.
Other common names include Star Anise, Chinese Star Anise, Star Aniseed, Chinese Anise, Chinese Aniseed, Star of Anise, Badian, Badiane, True Star Anise and Indian Anise.
What Makes the Star Anise Plant Unique
Small, pale-yellow to cream flowers appear among the aromatic foliage and later develop into extraordinary star-shaped fruits. Each fruit generally forms six- to eight-pointed segments arranged around a central point. As it matures, the fruit turns reddish-brown and hardens into the familiar spice used worldwide. Each segment holds a single smooth, glossy seed.
This naturally sculptural fruit gives the tree strong ornamental appeal and culinary significance. The plant typically reaches 6–10 metres tall when mature, although growing conditions will influence its final size. Its evergreen foliage provides year-round colour and creates an attractive screen or feature tree in warm gardens.
Growing the Star Anise Plant
Choose a warm, humid position with rich, well-drained soil and protection from drying winds. Young plants appreciate partial shade, regular moisture and shelter from strong afternoon sun. Established trees can tolerate more light in suitable subtropical conditions.
Growth may feel slow during the plant’s early years, but patience rewards gardeners with a handsome, enduring tree. Protect young plants from frost and allow enough room for the broad canopy to develop.
From Ancient Spice to Modern Science
Star anise contains anethole, the aromatic compound responsible for its strong, sweet, liquorice-like flavour. Traditional cuisines use the dried fruit in Chinese five-spice powder, slow-cooked dishes, broths, teas, baked goods, mulled drinks and liqueurs.
The fruit also provides shikimic acid, an important compound the pharmaceutical industry uses to produce antiviral medicines. Few plants connect ornamental beauty, culinary tradition and modern science so distinctly.
Use fruit only after confirming the plant’s identity as Illicium verum. Do not confuse it with Japanese Star Anise (Illicium anisatum), a separate toxic species that must not be consumed.
